Today we are used to the idea that the best way to counter a submarine is another submarine. Quiet, sleek and lethal, the attack sub hunts its opposite number using acoustic hydrophones and sonar, stalking one another before dispatching them with torpedoes. But this is a modern idea, surely? When one looks at the cluttered designs of the First and Second World Wars, these are not the streamlined killers of today. From when the first modern submarines took to the seas at the end of the 19th century until the end of World War 2, these craft were designed to spend most of their time on the...